The Sport Action Zone initiative was set up to help combat low levels of participation in sport in communities that suffer the effects of poverty and deprivation. The aim was to help local communities to help themselves by getting local people to play a role in identifying what was needed in each zone and then involving them in the planning and delivery process.
The 12 zones were located throughout England, ranging in size from just a couple of wards to whole counties, and represented some of the most deprived parts of the country.
The results from the two waves of research in each area were then compared to identify changes in sports participation rates across the four year period. Sport England was particularly interested in changes in the overall participation levels, and also those for specific target groups which traditionally participate in less sport and physical activity than average, namely – women, older people, lower social class groups, ethnic minorities and people with disabilities.

Editor's comments - [ In order to evaluate the success of the initiative, Sport England commissioned Ipsos MORI to conduct robust quantitative research in four SAZs.
In summary, the research comprised:
Research in Barrow-in-Furness, Liverpool, Bradford and Luton SAZ areas;
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Two waves of around 1,000 interviews in each zone, the first conducted in the early days of the initiative across the winter months of 2001/2, and the second across the same months in 2005/6. ] Reference this?Cryer, J. (Year). This page title in italics. Retrieved date, from <this page's full URL>
In the text: Cryer (year)
Reference : Ipsos Mori. (2006). Understanding the success factors in Sport Action Zones. London: Sport England
The above reference is in the APA style: See why this is important in our [how to reference] us guide.
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